China has significantly increased its sales of technology and machinery to Russia, which Moscow is using to manufacture military equipment for the ongoing war in Ukraine. According to U.S. officials, in 2023, China accounted for about 90% of Russia’s microelectronics and nearly 70% of its machine tool imports. Chinese companies are also supplying components for Russian tanks and armored vehicles, as well as military optics and engines for unmanned aerial vehicles and cruise missiles. The Free Russia Foundation has reported that Russia’s semiconductor imports from China have more than doubled from 2021 to 2022.
In addition to providing military technology, China is also cooperating with Russia on satellite and space-based capabilities that could increase the threat posed by Moscow to Europe. The U.S. has downgraded intelligence findings that indicate China is providing imagery to Russia for its war in Ukraine. Secretary of State Antony Blinken is expected to raise concerns about China’s indirect support for Russia during his upcoming trip to China. While China has not directly provided lethal military support to Russia, it has backed Moscow diplomatically and refrained from calling the conflict an invasion.
Russia has become increasingly reliant on China as it faces economic and diplomatic isolation due to its actions in Ukraine. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has warned Chinese officials that the U.S. is prepared to sanction Chinese banks, companies, and leaders if they assist Russia’s military forces. The White House believes that public disclosure of intelligence findings has deterred China from directly arming Russia for now. Meanwhile, China has announced sanctions against two U.S. defense companies over their support for arms sales to Taiwan, a move that could further complicate relations between China and the U.S.
The U.S. has been closely monitoring Russia’s actions in Ukraine and its cooperation with China, Iran, and North Korea to supply weaponry. The Biden administration has emphasized the need to prevent companies, including those in China, from providing material support to Russia’s war efforts. Intelligence reports have indicated that China was considering providing arms and ammunition to Russia. Efforts to highlight Russia’s difficulties in prosecuting the war and its coordination with other countries have been ongoing.
The relationship between the U.S. and China has become more complex, with China facing challenges in its economy as it emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic. European capitals have maintained closer ties with Beijing, potentially influencing China’s decisions regarding its support for Russia. The U.S. has been vigilant in monitoring China’s actions and potential involvement in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Overall, the situation highlights the delicate balance of power and diplomacy in the global arena, with major implications for the ongoing crisis in Ukraine and beyond.
