Children who experience trauma, such as witnessing a crime or a traumatic event, may face long-lasting negative effects that can extend into adulthood. The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) published a report in April 2021 that highlights the psychological, behavioral, social, and even biological impacts of childhood trauma. Law enforcement must approach these situations delicately, explaining the truth in a way that children can comprehend while reassuring them that they are not alone. The FBI emphasized the importance of training agents to talk to families who have lost a loved one in a traumatic event, providing support and guidance during difficult times.
Trauma experienced during childhood can lead to physical and emotional reactions that may manifest as absences from class, poor academic performance, and even violence. These effects can have long-term consequences, such as an increased risk of victimization, criminal behavior, substance abuse, depression, and chronic diseases. The 2021 NIJ report underscores the significance of preventing child maltreatment and exposure to violence as victims or witnesses. Collaboration across various sectors, including the justice system, is essential for implementing effective strategies to mitigate the harm from childhood trauma and reduce the likelihood of justice system involvement.
The FBI offers guidance on how to talk to children about traumatic events in the family, emphasizing the importance of providing trauma notification in a private space and being honest with children about the situation. It is crucial to deliver the news in a gentle and age-appropriate manner, considering the child’s developmental stage and emotional capacity. Following up with children after delivering the news is essential, as they may have questions and need ongoing support as they process their emotions and reactions.
Limiting exposure to social media and news coverage of traumatic events can also help protect children from additional distress. For example, in the case of Harmony Montgomery, a 7-year-old girl who went missing and was later found to have been murdered by her biological father, it was important for her younger brother, Jamison, to be shielded from the media coverage. Adoptive parents of Jamison emphasized the importance of following the FBI’s steps for talking to children about traumatic events, being honest, and providing ongoing support as he expressed his feelings and questions about his missing sister.
Overall, the impact of childhood trauma on children’s development and well-being is significant and requires a comprehensive and sensitive approach from caregivers and law enforcement. By providing appropriate support and guidance to children who have experienced trauma, it is possible to mitigate the long-term consequences and promote healing and resilience. Through collaboration and effective communication, stakeholders can work together to prevent child maltreatment and violence, ultimately creating safer and healthier environments for children to thrive.
